Cp  370.76 


Address 

Pt 

the 

IViveillne 

of   the 

Confederate 

Monu.ment , 

R^l 

eio-h 

A,M.Wf 

?ddpT) 

M' 


of  t^e 

e3nitset0itp  of  iSonfi  Carolina 


Collection  of  Bott^  Carolimana 
W^i0  booh  tDa0  pte0enteti 


UNIVERSITY  OF  N,C   AT  CHAPEL  HILL 


00032769567 
T/i7s  fooofc  must  not 
he    taken   from    the 
Library  building. 


M.J 


ADDRESS 


^ 


-AT   THE- 


UNVKILINO    OK    THK 


Confederate  Monument 


^T  RALEIOH,  ISr.  C, 


NIAY  20rt-L,  18©S. 


By  Col.  Alfred  Moore  Waddell. 


WILMINGTON,  N.  C: 
LkGwin   Bros.,   Printers  ami  Binukks, 

iSg?. 


Digitized  by  tine  Internet  Arciiive 

in  2010  with  funding  from 

University  of  Nortii  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill 


http://www.archive.org/details/addressatunveiliOOwadd 


Xx.' 


ADDRKSS. 


I  salute  you  wifli  uiit'eiiiiied  emotion,  luj^  counti'ymeii 
and  countrywomen,  upon  tlie  return  of  tliis  liistoric  day 
whi(di  you  liave  assembled  here  to  leeonseerate  liy  a 
new  act  of  piety  and  patriotism.  Tt  niaiks  an  epoch  in 
our  annals.  It  is  indeed  a  monumental  day,  and  one 
upon  whi(di  the  women  of  Xorth  Carolina,  who  havp 
wi'ouii'ht  lonii'  and  unceasingly,  and  have  waited  for  its 
dawnina,-,  may  reverently  repeat  the  words  of  the  Psalm- 
ist and  say,  ''This  is  the  day  whi(di  the  Lord  hath 
made;   we  will    rejoice    and   be  glad  in  it." 

A  year  ago,  in  the  pi'esence  of  thronging  thousands, 
and  witli  imposing  ceremonies  whi(di  were  crowned  by 
splendid  oratory,  yon  laid  the  corner-stone  of  this 
structure,  which  now,  in  finished  beauty,  stands  senti- 
nel in  the  western  gateway  (d'your  C'apitol. 

The  work  of  the  artist  and  the  artisan  is  done.  Be- 
neath their  transfoi'uiing  ton(di  this  column,  rough  hewn 
from  tlie  ribs  of  the  everlasting  hills,  with  base  tirm-set 
and  summit  lifted  high,  now  towers  before  you  in  majestic 
and  graceful  proportions.  So  the  genius  of  Christian 
civilization  shajjes  the  homely  virtues  of  a  brave  and 
true  people  into  the  nol)le  edifice  of  free  government. 

It  is  dumb  granite,  but  it  is  not  voiceless  to  us  and 
will  not  be  to  our  children,  for  it  will  be  a  perpetual 
appeal  to  their  pride  and  patriotism.  It  is  inanimate 
stone,  but  instinct  with  glorious  memories.      It  is  a  silent 


fi't^iiiofial.  fuit  if  is  also  an  Hli»(|iieiit  liistoiy.  a]i<l  a  t<'ii([t'r 
jHtPiii.  'I'lit'  pnt-iii  t-acli  lieaj't  aiiioiiu'  ymi  will  tiaiislate 
'■■<v  irsf'ir.  Mint-  lu-  rli«'  !,isk  r(»(lay  in  ti-acp  in  l>ri<-f  (Mir 
•iin'  tilt-  lii^tdiy.  n\'  wliidi  no  (lf><ftMi(laiif  of  a  ('oiif^'fl 
I'satf  soldier  cmh  lioiioi- ;il>ly  remain  in  i^noi-aiu'c.  ami  |o 
whicli  lipcaiiiior,  witlion:  alKlicaiini:  his  ina]ilioo(l  and 
-•■if  iPS]»(M'r.  !»•'  iinlitl't'i  (Mil 

A  <list  iiiuiiislied  srlndar  and  sraresnian  of  rlie  South. 
'.\  ho  has  ipcpiitly  inadf  a  vahiabU'  contrihut ion  to  liis- 
ii  iiical   litt'ia  f  iire,  says  : 

■'  The  estal>lisltnH'Tit  <>(  truth  is  never  v\-r(>ng-.  Ilistury,  as  written,  if 
.'icepted  in  futdie  \'ears  will  cunsit;!!  the  South  to  infainv.  If  she  were 
■..uiltv   of   i"el)^'llion  or   treason,  il    she  adopted    ami    elung'   to    l)arl:)arisms, 

'eiiti.i'  -ii:^,  :iiid  uiiiiioi-ali'LU's.  llieH  Iili  [iL'oi-ii-  \\  i.i  '-e  ^IolIil-^,  as  it  \>.-'^  tl  , 
vvitli  tile  tallied  shirt  of  Xessus,  fatal  to  honor,  to  ener^-\'.  to  nol)le  develop- 
.Meiit,  to  ti'ue  lite." 

And  a  leccnl  in*\\  spaixT   a\  I'itej-  says  : 

■ '  for  indi'struetilile  vilalitx'  and  sul  )iinie  assurance,  the  ii  is  I  okhai  lie  is 
■ ';e  most  ma;4'niiieent  of  all  the  famil\-  of  falseli    ods." 

Now.  tin'  accp])t('d  hisioi'y  of  the  lati'  war.  like  rlie 
jiivvions  histoiy  ol'  the  rnited  States,  has  l)een  written 
'\\'  Xortheiai  men.  ami  a  Sontheinei'.  readinu  if.  eanmit 
help  I'ecallino  \\li;ir  1^'ronde  said  aliont  histoiy  generally: 
nann-Iy.  that  if  seemed  to  him  ■'like  a  ehild's  liox(d' 
JefteM's  with  ^\lli(dl  \\c  can  s}>e|l  any  word  \\>'  ]»least'. 
We  lia\e  (»nly  to  s<dect  su(di  ]ettt:'rs  as  we  want,  arranue 
i  liem  as  we  like,  aw-jj  say  nothir.ii  al)ont  those  wlii(di  do 
liot  suit  onf  imrpose."" 

If  has  seemed  to  me  that  I  conld  imt  hettt-i-  employ  a 
idief  ]»art  of  the  hoiii'  allotted  t(»  me  to-day  than  l>y 
-peakinu' — in  kimlness  and  (diarity,  but  with  camhtr  ami 
leiirlessness — the  plaifi  nnvarnislit'd  trntli  concei'iiinu- 
;  he  canses  of  and  the  it-spon  ability  for  the  war  in  wliicdi 
r  he  iiKMi  to  w  hose  memory  this  monument  is  erected,  were 
sacrificed,  if  this  is  not  an  occasion  for  vain  reu'rcts  or 
I'ittei' levilinu-  land  it    is    noti.    neither  is  it    a    time  foi 


'false  spTiriiiiPiiT  or  a  sii])])ressi<)ii  (tf  the  truth,  and  it  is 
bt'cause  tlif  truth  is  (Mthcr  inilvUcwii.  oi  is  a  inattf^r  of 
iiidilference  to  many  of  this  ,i!;eiipraf ion,  that  ]  fntd  it  to 
i)e  a  duty  1o  fJtein  to  speak  as  T  shall. 

Let  no  man  say  tliat  in  dist'hargin<i:  this  duty  I  am 
diu'ginii'  11})  sectionalism,  and  tryin<2;  to  revise  tlie  animos- 
ities of  flu^  past.  f  uttei'ly  disclaim  any  such  desire  or 
intention,  and  !  could  n(»t  if  I  would,  for  they  are  thinos 
now  buried,  it  is  to  be  hoped.  f(»rever;  l)ut  1  cannot  for- 
upt  that  f(*r  thirty  years  i»ast.  my  countrymen,  my  kins- 
men and  my  friends  have  been  pilhu-ied  l)efore  the 
\V(»rld  as  Iiim*raiit.  l>a]'bai  ous,  rrriel  traitors  and  relx'ls, 
^\•ho,  without  the  slightest  justilication  or  excuse,  souulit 
to  destroy  the  best  ,<i'(*verinnent  under  the  .sun,  and 
deluged  a  continent  in  blood.  The  charge  is  still  made 
and  reiterated  in  c<uiversation,  in  scIkjoI  l)(*oks.  in  mao-- 
azine  articles,  in  public  speeches,  in  public  records,  and 
in  pn1)lished  hist(»ries.  It  is  a  monstrons  perversion 
of  the  truth,  which  self-respect  and  a  decent  regard  for 
rlie  memor^'of  our  heroic  dead,  compels  us  to  denounce. 
And  now  t(t   the  facts  an(i  the  }»ro(d'. 

This  day  one  hundred  and  twenty  years  ago  the 
men  of  Mecklenburg — first  of  all  Americans.  desr)ite 
the  doubting  Thomases — renounced  allegiance  to 
the  British  crown,  declared  themselves  a  free  and  inde- 
pendent people,  and  afterwards  with  their  compatriots 
ulorionsly  maintained,  on  many  a  bloody  field,  the 
declaration  thus  gloriously  made,  A  year  later  the 
(Ireat  Declaration  made  by  all  tlie  colonies  proclaimed 
them  to  be.  not  a  nation  or  union.  l)ut  free  and  inde- 
pendent States.  They  made  a  treaty  of  alliance  with 
France  in  1778,  and  again  in  1782  with   the  Netherlands 


•And  ill  its;!  with  Swedi'ii.  in  t'licli  of  wliicli  i\'icli  Statn 
was  iiaiiit-d  a  ])a]-ty  to  it.  (JrHar  I'riraiii,  in  rli<'  final 
tivatv  i>f  jieace"  ill  178;!.  ackiiowlrd^rd  and  iianind  tliein 
si'r><(ti)ii  as  fi't't\  sovprt'iuii  and  indcjipiidi'iit  Staffs. 
Tlipy  Hiitcrrd  infi)  a  (■<"ni])acr  (»f  ii«i\('innit^nr  with  t';i(di 
otlu'i'  whi(di  tht'V  i-iMimI  .\rti(dHS()f  ( 'niif<Mh'rat  ion.  in 
wliicdi,  whilf  it  was  (hMdar<'d  to  1>*'  a  ]i»'iiM'r (lal  u()\t'rn- 
nu*nt.  it  was  also  rxju't'ssly  dfMdaird  that  *'\\r\\  Stat*-' 
ivtaint'il  its  sove'reiuiit y.  riiMMh)iii.  and  iinh-jifiidi'iici^ 
Tht^y  afteTwaivIs  seMM-Mh'il  fiiuii  and  dt'sii-oyfd  that  '•prr- 
])(dnal'"  u'ovrinnK'iil.  and  ]»ro])ose'd  :i  ni'w  ud\''innit'nt. 
from  A\hi(di.  w  Ikmi  fonin^d.  the  dfchi  ra  I  ioti  (d'  [tfrpt't  nit  y 
was  (hdi licra t>dy  dropiMMl.  W'ht'ii  thf  cotnt'iition  to 
i'()rni  that  uovciaimi'iit  hist  met  in  ITS?.  ;ind  wjiiji'only 
:i  niiiiorit  y  <d'  States  was  rt'|ii'est'ntf(|.  rlif  liist  attt'iiii»r 
was  iiiadt'  to  coininit  the  didcuatt's  to  a  dfidaration 
ill  fa\i»i'  of  a  ndiiniiiii  uovfiaiiiK'nt  as  cont i-a-<lis- 
rinunisJKMl  from  a  fcilcral  union,  and  a  rt'S(dntion  was 
pass<Ml  to  that  tdfcf-r  l)y  a  \dt»'  of  mdy  six  Stati's;  hiit 
as  soon  as  a  full  dpl^narion  asse-mhlrd  this  rt'solnfioii 
was  ol)jpct('d  to.  it'coiisidt'it'd  and  ri'S(dnd<'(|  l)y  ;i  iinani- 
nioiis  \die,  and  tin'  tith'  •'Tin'  1  nitcd  Sratfs""  was 
retained.  The  man  who  o])jc('ted  w;is  ()li\er  l^^llswoith. 
of  ( S)nnecticiit.  who  was  aft<'rw  ai<ls  Chief  .Justice  of  the 
Supreme  ('oiii't  of  the  Tnited  States,  and  his  words  \\(Me 
••  1  projjose,  and  tlier«d'(n'e  move,  to  expimu'e  the  word 
"Natioiml""  and  jdace  in  room  (d'  it.  "  i:o\  einmenf  of 
tlie  United  States"  —  wlii(di  was  a.ureed  to  nnani  nioiisly. 
Astoimdinii'  to  I'elate.  the  ;iruniiieiit  of  those  who  have 
(leni<Ml  tlie  riuht  (d'  a  State  to  secede  has  lieen  la]-,utdy 
l)uilt  on  t  his  resol  ntioll  irliich  icas  iniaii  iiinnisl  i/  rrsci  iith'if 
hi/  tli('  coil  rent  ion.  and  on  the  l*reanilde  to  the  Coiistitii- 
tion  w  lii(di  says  "  We.  the  jieople  of  the  I'nited  States/* 


whicli  tlK\v  ('((iistiiH'  ti)  mean,  not  tli»-  jkm»J)1p  of  tlie  sev- 
t^ral  States,  but  the  nu\ui'eoate  people  of  tlie  whole 
country  as  one  nation — a  political  entity  which  never 
had  any  existence.  A  writer  on  this  subject. 
aftei'  .sliowin<i'  how  and  why  the  words  "  We,  the  people 
(d"  the  I'nited  States''  were  used,  calls  attention  to  the 
aniazinn'  fact  that  Edward  Everett,  in  a  speech  on  the 
4th  of  .Inly,  1801,  had  said  that  '"the  States  are  not  named 
in  the  Federal  Constitntion,''  in  face  of  the  fact  that  in 
the  second  clause  of  Article  I.  each  State  is  mentioned 
by  name;  and  also  calls  attention  to  a  similar  statement 
of  ]\rr.  iNIotley  in  the  London  Times  in  1801,  that  "the 
name  of  no  State"  is  mentioned  in  the  whole  document, 
and  that  "it  was  not  ratified  by  the  States"  but  "1)y 
the  people  of  the  whole  land  in  their  aggregate  capacity 
acting  through  conventit)ns,"  when  there  stands  the  ex- 
press x^i'^'vision  of  Articde  VII  "  that  the  ratilication  of 
the  conventions  of  nine  States  shall  be  sufficient  for  the 
establishment  of  this  Vonst\tu[\(m  bet iceeu  the  States  so 
ratifijing  the  same!"' 

The  State  of  Virginia,  in  sanctioning  the  call  of  a 
Convention  in  November,  1780,  and  appointing  delegates 
with  Washington  at  their  head,  ex})ressly  stipulated 
that  the  new  Constitution  should  be  ratihed,  not  by  the 
legislatures  of  the  States,  but  by  the  States  themselves 
— that  is  to  say,  by  conventions  in  each  State — and  this 
was  done  by  the  several  States, at  different  times,  between 
Novend^er  1787,  and  May  29th.  1790,  and  not  by  the 
people  of  the  whole  land  in  their  aggregate  capacity. 

As  has  been  well  said  :  "Every  iota  of  the  Constitu- 
tion was  decided  upon  and  found  a  place  in  tliat  written 
instrument  by  a  vote  of  the  States,  each  State  having 
one  vote.     No  fact  should   be  more  perfectly  notorious 


(f.r  \TeTI   known  tlian  tliis.  fcr  it   stands  out   erei ywfipfr-^ 
f>n  tlie  very  t'a<'p  of  tlie    itruceedino-s   of    the   Convention 
wliicli  framed  the  Constitiif ii^n.''      And  \'iruiiiia  in  rati 
fying    the    Constitution,    announeed,     tliat     tlie     ]io\vers. 
y,ranted  therein    miuht  We    lesnnied   wliene^vej-   tlie   same 
sliould  he  iH-iverted  to-  tlie-    injury  or  oijpre.ssion  of   the 
people.      New  Yoi-lv..  in   I'atifyina'.  made  the  same  decln 
j'ation.  and  e;ie|i  deidared  that  every    ]»ower  not   u'ranteMl 
remained    to   tlie  States.      North    Carolina,    for    several 
reasons,    <)]ie    of   wiiieh    u;is    tlie    selfish    and    sectional 
spii-it  manifested  l>y  Massadmsetts  and  other  New  Kni;' 
land  States^  i-efused  to  a<'cede  to    the   new    u-oveinnienr, 
ami  remained,  as  she  had  always   heeii.  a   separate,  sov- 
ereign and  independent  State,  for  nearly  two  years,  until 
Noveml^er  21st,    J  780,    Avhen.  I)eing  ])ersuaded    that   her 
donbts  and  fears  were  not    well    founded,  she  joined  tlie> 
eleven  ratifying  States,       Kliode  Island    held  hack  until 
May  20th,   1700,   and   then   expressly    reserved  the  right 
to    withdraw     whenever,    in  her  opinion,    her    interests 
requij-ed  it. 

The  idea  that  the  l^)nstitution  was  (►rdaim'd  by  the 
wlnde  i)eople  (d'  all  the  States  acting  as  (»ne  aggregate 
nation  was  never  suggested  until  nearly  fifty  years  after 
its  adoption,  and  the  pretence  that  theie  was  any  riglif 
to  interfei-e  with  the  separate  sovereignty  of.  much  less 
to  coerce,  a  State  in  i:ny  wa}',  if  it  liad  been  mad<^  would 
have  been  instantly  repndiated,  and.  if  insisted  upon. 
W(uild  have  dissolved  the  Convention  then  and  tliej-e. 
The  Constitntion  id'  the  I'nited  States  was  to  be  the 
supreme  law  of  the  land,  by  mutual  agreement  of  the 
States,  l)nt  no  sn(di  grant  of  power  as  that  (d'  <'(.ercing  a 
State  was  contained  in  the  (Constitution,  and  all  powers 
not  gi-anted  were  I'eserved  to  the  States,  or  to  the  pe(»ple. 


The  States  created  a  ii'overiiment  of  limited  powiTs  and 
the  limits  vvere  detiiied  in  the  instrument  creatin.ii'  it. 
and  yet, notwithstandinii'  this  un([uestional)le  tint  h.  tiieif 
has  been  from  the  l)ei;innini;-  a  persistent,  and  linally  a 
violent  and  successful  effort  to  transform  it  into  a  con- 
solidated nation. 

The  antaii'onism  of  interests  between  theXoitli  and  the 
South,  which  had  existed  from  the  beu-innina'.  and 
whicli  was  the  great  source  of  anxiety  to  patriots  of  thar 
day,  increased  with  the  ever-increasing  wealth  and 
power  of  the  North,  and  with  this  ever  increasing  power 
ami  wealth  came  (naturally,  if  you  choose, )  a  growing  im- 
})atience  of  any  restraint  u}»on  their  action,  and  a  stronger 
temptation  to  disregard  those  provisions  of  the  Consti 
tution  which  had  been  put  into  ii  for  the  protection  of 
the  minoriry  and  the  ])i'eservation  of  the  equality  of  the 
States.  This  tendency  was  increased  by  tlie  fact  tliat. 
by  the  acquisition  of  territory  the  Federal  (iovernmenr 
had  l)ecome  the  creator  of  States,  instead  of  being,  as  at 
the  beginning,  their  creature — a  fact  which  explaiiied. 
l)ut  did  not  justify,  the  claim  of  the  right  of  coerciou 
over  the  original  parties  to  the  coin])act.  l)ur  it  is  ever 
to  he  remembered  that  a  large  [)art  of  this  teri'itory  was 
given  by  the  South — that  the  North  reaped  all  the  l)en- 
ehts  from  it — that  every  concession  (d"  any  kind  which 
w^as  made,  was  made  by  the  South — that  in  every  war. 
the  Revolution,  the  war  of  1812,  the  Florida  and  Indian 
wars,  and  the  war  wdth  Mexico,  she  furnished  largely 
more  than  her  proportion  of  soldiers  and  claimed  far 
less  than  her  proportion  of  pensions— and  that  in  all  the 
legislation  of  Congress  conferring  trade  bounties,  or 
commercial  or  financial  benefits,    the  North    was  alwavs 


10 


r  lie  Ix-iH'ticinrY.    tlit^   Soiitii   iit'vtT.      Still    rlin    Sdutli  i-h - 
iii:iiliiMl  nidt'iilly  l(»y;il   h)    llie  rilioli. 

It  is  iiii])(»ssilil<'.  (if  ('(Mii^e*,  oil  nil  occMsioii  lii>:t'  tliis. 
lo  uivr  ;i  dt^.'iilcd  liistoiy  of  the  cxi'iits  iijioii  wliicli 
tlie'sp  lit'iHTal  st:i I cinciilN  ;is  to  tlic  ]>ro!i-i-e'ss  of  the  uTeat 
stni,ii;u'le  ai-n   l»asc(l.  and    I    shall,    t ln-refoi'H.  not    attfm]>f 

1(1  ( |( )   S( >. 

SiiHicc  it  to  say  that  all  prott'sts  and  wai  niiiiis  w  t'l'p  i.u'- 
iiored.or  siipcrfd  at.  'I'lie  leirislatiires  of  fonrtfeMi  Noitli- 
f-ni  Stales  niilliru'd  acts  <d"  ('oiiu'te'ss  \\lii(di  had  IttnMt 
passed  in  plain  ]>nisi;anct'  n\'  the  ( "oiistil  iit  ion.  a  jiidu- 
nient  of  t  h»^  Siipifnit^  ("oiiif  was  openly  and  insolently 
delied.  and  ••tlie  K^uisla  t  lire  i>\'  a  Staff  whose  olHeers  ha<l 
l)een  guilty  (d'  a  lawh^ss  (Ldiance  of  constitutional 
a  iitlioiily.  denounced  tlie  act  (d'  the  liiuliest  jiidiidal  tri 
biinal  Iviiown  to  the  law  as  an  act  of  ail»itiary  ]lo^ve)•.  and 
tlierefore  null  and  void.""  A'itiipeiatioii  exhausted 
itself  ujioli  the  Court  —  the  execution  (d'  the  law 
was  openly  resisted,  and  })ul>lic  sentiment  in  New 
Eiiiiland  sustained  those  who  thus  acted.  b^inally. 
iindei'  the  intluence  of  this  hostile  si)irit.  a  Ixxly  of 
armed  men  invaded  the  State  of  A  iruinia.  stu'zed  Har- 
per's Fen-y.  wliere  there  was  a  u-o\ernnient  aiseiial.  and 
attemi)ted  to  execute  their  pu]'])ose  of  inaipuuratinii'  a 
servile  insurrection  with  its  accom})animents  of  r.apine 
and  murder.  The  leader  of  that  insurrecti(Ui  was 
apotlieosized  at  tlie  ]S'oiili,  and  his  name  was  an  inspira- 
tion to  the  Xorthern  army  duriiiu'  the  war.  The  next 
year,  for  the  first  time  in  the  history  <d'  the  I'nited 
States,  a  Pi'esideiit  was  elected  ex(dusively  ])y  one  sec- 
tion of  the  country — that  is  to  say,  tlie  one  u'leat  evil  of 
whi(di  the  franiers  of  the  Constitution  were  most  in 
dread — that  which  they    declared    had    been  the  ruin  of 


11 

III]  }ir»'vi(us  i<']iiil)lics — namely,  a  iiiaJDi'ily  const  Hnt  i  ntj 
<i  fa(fi<ni  —  \\:\d  at  last  lipeii  i-ealiztMJ.  it  lias  bpeii  justly 
Itronouuced  *"  the  most  terrible  faction  the  world  has 
ever  seen."  Its  true  chai'acter  was  not  only  not  denied. 
Itut  was  oj)enly  iti^oclaiint'd  by  its  leaders,  one  of  tlie 
most  distiniiuisht^d  of  whom  said  : 

"  No  man  has  a  right  to  l)e  surprised  at  this  state  of  tilings.  It  is  just 
what  we  have  attempted  to  bring  about.  It  is  the  first  sectional  party 
ever  organized  in  this  etiUntry-  It  does  not  know  its  own  face,  and  calls 
itself  national  ;  but  it  is  not  national,  it  is  sectional.  The  Republican 
piarty  is  a  partv  of  the  N<irth  pledged  against  the  South." 

Thus  the  "irre^jressible  conflict"  was  precij^itated.  and 
the  Southern  States  were  left  no  choice  but  to  submis- 
sively accept  the  change  Avhich  destroyed  all  hope  of 
preservinii'  the  equality  and  riiihts  of  the  States  under 
the  Constitution,  or  to  seek  peace  and  safety  1)y  with- 
drawing' from  the  bnion. 

They  chose  the  latter  alternative.  In  doing  so  were 
they  guilty  of  treason,  or  rebellion  (  If  so,  against 
wlioni  t  Their  allegiance  was  not  given  to  any  govern- 
ment, but  to  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  and 
they  never  violated  it,  but.  on  the  contrary,  only  seceded 
because  others  violated  it  to  their  injury  and  threatened 
ruin.  Did  Virginia,  and  New  York,  and  Khode  Island, 
when  they  expressly  reserved  the  right  to  withdraw 
from  the  Union,  mean  to  say  that  they  reserved  the  right 
to  rebel  and  commit  treason  t  What  did  Massachusetts 
mean  when,  in  1803,  her  legislature  "Resolved  that  the 
annexation  of  Louisiana  to  the  Union  transcends  the 
constitutional  power  of  the  Governmeut  of  the  United 
States,"  and  that  "it  formed  a  new  confederacy  to  which 
the  States  united  by  the  former  compact  are  not  bound  to 
adhere"  ?  Could  there  be  a  ]ilainer  declaration  of  the 
right  of  a  State  to  secede  i 


\2 

And  \\li;i(  (lid  the  liaitf^ud  Coin  cut  i( -M.  at  which  rlie 
New  Kimlaiid  Statps  \v<m<'  ,u'atliPi>'(l  in  ISl.").  Tiieaii  )>y 
I  heii'  dechil'al  i(»li  : 

■'That  in  cast.'-;  of  (Ic'libL-ratf,  daiv^xTnus  and  pal]iat>!L-  infraL'tions  nf  the 
i'<aistitutii>ii.  Ai' ii-iTiNi:  I  iiK  :-.( ivi  I:  I  i(;\i  \  111  Ml}  SiAir  ar.il  lih'Tty  <>i 
•iiL-  pL'i.plc,  it  IS  nut  nnly  the  n.^ht  Imi  tlic  (hity  mI'  such  State  t<«  intcrpi  st- 
■Is  aiitlioritv  I'lir  their  |in>t(.'cti<>n  in  the  manner  best  ealeiihited  to  seenre 
*::at  end." 

And    that  : 

'  When  eir.i.'i\!.4\-neies  oeenr  wliieli  are  either  lie\-ond  tile  reaeli  i>t  judiieal 
■.riliunals,  or  too  prL'ssin^-  to  adnnt  ol  dehi\-  ineHknt  to  tlieir  foi'ins.  States 
which  have  no  common  umjiire,  nuist  he  tlieir  own  nidj^'csand  execute  their 
'  '\\n  decisions."  ? 

J(»lii]  (^iiijicv  A(hniis.  in  a  IctiPi-  (d'  OHcciiiliei'  :)(»th. 
iS-JS,  ill  I'ciiai'd  to  that  iiiovi'iiKi'iir.  said  : 

■■  That  their  oliject  was,  and  had  been  lor  severad  vears,  a  dissolution  of 
■-lie  Union  and  the  estahlishmLiit  ol  a  separate  Cont'edeTation  he  knew 
trom  une((uivocal  evitleuce,  althou,i;h  not  ))roval)le  in  a  court  ot  law  ;  and 
that  in  ease  of  a  civil  war,  the  aidof  (ireat  I'.ritain.  to  effect  that  puri)ose. 
would  be  assuredly  resorted  to,  as  it  would  be  iiidis])ensablv  necessary  to 
"lieir  desii;-ns." 

Was  Joliii  (^)iiiii('y  A(hmis  a  slaii(hM'<'i'  id'  liis  own  ])(^o^ 
jde,  ()]•  w.vre  Mn^y  uuilty.  as  lie  })hiiiily  allt'ut'il.  of  a 
i  ieas()ual)]e  dt'siiiu  to  subvert  tlu^  ui  >vei]iinHnt  in  a  time  of 
il.ii'e  distress,  and  ask  tlie  assistance  of  (ireat  I'ritain  in 
The  accomjilishnieiit  of  their  imijiose  (  Yet  tliese  aie 
rh(^  |)eoj)le  M  ho  liave  ci'ied  the  lond(-st  aliout  Sontheiii 
lebels  and  traitoi's,  wlieii  tlie  plain  and  undeniable  trutii 
id'  liistoi'y  is,  I  hat  nullification  and  secession  were  l>oiai 
and  nui'sed  in  N(^w  Kniilainl.  1  a]ii)eal  to  writei-s  and 
records  of  that  section  foi'  the  vei'ilication  of  tfiis  state- 
ment. Fi'oni  tliese  it  will  api)eaj'  that,  beoinninu'  in 
1780.  Avitli  the  excitement  over  .lay's  treaty,  and  re- 
l»eated  in  17U2,  ]71)4.  170(5  to  180().  and  from  ISO.")  to 
bSlf),  there  was  a  concerted  })lan  of  secession  and  dis- 
union—a plan  which  John  Qnincy  Adams  said  : 

•'Was  so  far  matured,  that  the  proposal  had  been  made  to  an  individual 
to  }.ermit  himsell,  at  the  proper  time,  to  be  placed  at  the  head  of  the  mili- 
tary movement,  which,  it  was  foreseen,  would  be  necessary  to  carry  it  into 
execution." 


13 

'IMit'  l»i()ui';i}ilH'i'  ol'  Daniel  WebsteT.  wjio  is  now  one  of 
T lie  Senafois  from  Massnchusetts,  after  ailniirrinu'  that 
"  nnfortunately  tlie  facts  were  against '"  Mi'.  \\V])ster's 
argument  that  the  ('onstitntion  was  not  a  eom}ta('t  be- 
tween the  States,  goes  on  to  say  : 

••  When  ih'j  Cuiislitutiun  was  adopted  bv  the  votes  of  States  at  Philadel- 
phia, aud  accepted  by  the  votes  of  States  in  popular  conventions,  it  is  safe 
to  say  that  there  was  not  a  man  in  the  country  from  Washington  and  Ham- 
ilton, on  the  one  side,  to  George  Clinton  and  George  ^Mason  on  the 
other,  who  regarded  the  new  system  as  anything  but  an  experiment  entered 
into  bv  'he  States,  and  from  which  each  and  every  State  had  the  riglit  to 
peaceably  withdraw,  a  right  which  was  verv  likely  to  be  exercised." 

And  yet,  this  same  biogi-apher,  who,  u-Jieii  irr/fiiKj 
liistorij.  is  compelled  to  pen  this  candid  paragraph,  is 
the  author  of  a  Force  Bill  against  the  Southern  people, 
and  a  representative  of  the  extremest  views  of  Massa- 
chusetts. 

There  are  at  least  three  extraordinary  facts  which  will 
arrest  tlie  attention  of  the  future  student  of  American 
history  in  connection  with  secession.  One  is  that,  not- 
withstanding the  right  of  a  State  to  secede  was  disputed, 
and,  after  acrimonious  discussion,  was  finally  fought 
over  for  four  years,  still,  when  the  struggle  ended, 
although  tliree  different  amendments  w^ere  added  to  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States  to  secure  the  freedom, 
and  the  civil  and  political  rights  of  the  negro  race,  there 
was  no  amendment  adopted,  or  offered,  denying  the 
right  of  secession  :  and  that,  therefore,  so  far  as  any 
declaration  in  the  Constitution  is  concerned,  it  remains 
just  as  it  was  before  the  war. 

Another — and  it  borders  on  the  absurd — is  that  out 
of  the  forty-four  States  of  the  Union,  there  are  just  nine 
of  the  seceding  States,  two  border  States,  (West  Virginia 
and  Maryland)  and  one  of  the  Western  States  (Nevada, 


14 


■Aliicli  was    adiiiittt'd    diiiiim'    the    wai)    wliose    ( 'oiislit  ii- 
riolis   how  deny   tlir   liullt   of  secession. 

'I'lie  third  extra(»rdinaiy  fact  is  that.  alMioiiLih  rhe 
Nortlieru  |ieo|(h'  uiiaiM  iiioiisl  y  and  vehenienrJy  de- 
iionnced  secession  as  tn'a^i'ii  and  relieliion.  )'ef  wiien  he 
who  was  chai'actei'i/ed  as  ihe  arch  iiailor  ;ind  rebel  was 
'■aiif nred.  and  after  procecdiims  hail  lieeii  l»eLinn  auainst 
him.  tlie  ,ud\erninent  abandoned  iheni  for  some  other 
reason  than  c'emency  to  him. 

( )f  conrse  these  t  hinu-  ha  \  e  Ixmmi  aeconnted  for  in  one 
way  or  another.  Imt  there  has  always  lie. mi  ami  always 
will  be  a  1»(di(d'  that  the  trne  explanation  of  them  will 
iie   fonnd  in  the  fntnre  history  of  the  (•(.nntry. 

Now.  ;i  few  \\'« n'ds  a b< III t  the  oilier  Liieat  '■  crime  ■■  ( d' 
the  Southern  jieojile,  which  shocked  the  moral  sense  of 
Hieir  Xorthern  brethren  and  caused  them  to  visit  them 
with  iii-e  and  sw(n(l.  and  lay  waste  theii'  honies. 

Slavery  existed  in  Massacdinset  Is.  and  the  sla\e  trade 
in  its  most  ciaud  form,  was  condncted  by  hor  jieople  for 
a  hundred  years  Itefoi-e  'Soith  Caiolina  bc^'anie  a  State. 
Som(^oflli(^  laru'est  fortunes  in  ]Nfn\  Kniilaml  t(»-day 
w(M'e  bast'd  n|ion  it.  Tlu'y  not  only  im]iorfed  neui-oes. 
and  ex}iorte(l  tliem  aiiaiii.  but  they  sold  Indians  als(). 
and.  Worse  still,  white  slaves.  Mis.  Karle.  a  New  En,u- 
lande]-,  who  wrote  a  book  entitled  ••('nstonis  ami 
Fashions  in  ()ld  New  I^iiizlaml."'  says  amoni^-  other 
thinus  of  the  same  kind;  ••!  have  ne\ au-  seen  iti  any 
Soiithei'ii  m'wspa]»e]s  ad \ei-tistMiients  (»f  m'uro  sales 
that  surpass  in  lieartlessness  and  viciousiu'ss  the  adver- 
tisements of  our  New  England  jtapeis  of  the  Kiuhtt cnt h 
('eldlll'y.  Ne,<4ro  children  wei'e  sold  />//  tlic  jionnd,  (IS 
ofhrr  ii/rrcJi<iii(J/.s('."  p]ven  .bunitlian  Kdwards  owned 
slaves,  ami  'deft,  amoii^u-  other    [>ro|it-rty.  a    iieuro  boy."" 


15 

Wlieii  Tlioiims  ,lriV(M'S(»ii  was  ixMiiiiiiu'  liis  iiKlicriiiHiiT 
au'aiiist  ( Jroru'c  ( lie  'Tliiid.  in  tlic  1  )('claiati<)ii  <>f  IikIh 
peiidence.  ]u^  put  in  as  one  of  the  outi'aut'.-;  tlif  I'oi'ciim 
of  the  slave  ti'ade  nu  tlie  ('olonies,  but  it  was  stricken 
<)nt.  not  only  for  the  sup})osed  benefit  of  the  Sonthei'ii 
^^tates.  bnt  becanse  it  i-etiected  on  the  slave  tradei's  of 
Massachnsetts  and  Rhode  Island,  whose  slave  shi])s 
infested  tlie  seas  in  the  ti'afhc.  Maiyhind,  \'iiiiinia, 
North  Carolina,  Sontli  Carolina  and  (leoi'i^ia  had  all 
passed  laws  either  piohibitin^' the  importation  of  slaves, 
or  iniposinu'  a  very  heavy  tax  per  head  on  them.  In 
178(t  the  North  Carolina  law  was  passed,  ini])osinu'  a 
dnty  of  five  })ounds  pei-  head,  which  was  very  nearly  thr' 
valne  of  a  slave  at  that  time,  l)nt  the  next  y^-ai'  the  New 
P^n^land  ami  extreme  Sonthern  States  cond)ineMl.  and  a 
compromise  was  inserted  in  the  Constitntioii  l)y  which 
rhe  slave  trade  was  })rolon_ii-ed  until  1808.  As  a  domestic 
institution,  slavery  existed  in  every  State  except  one 
when  the  Coirstitution  was  adopted,  and  it  was  expressly 
])i'ovided  for  in  tjiat  instrur:ient.  The  Su}>reme  (%)urt 
of  the  I'nited  States,  in  many  cases,  solemnly  declared 
that  tile  protection  of  the  ri<i-lit  of  propei'ty  in  slaves 
"was  a  fundamental  article,  with(Uit  the  adoption  of 
whicli  the  Tnion  would  not  have  l)een  foi'iiied.''  When 
the  Northern  States,  in  ISol,  were  openly  and  defiantly 
nullifying  the  Constitution  and  the  laws  on  this  subject, 
Daniel  Webster  said  : 

"I  do  not  hesitate  to  say  and  repeat  that  if  the  Northern  States  refuse 
wilfully  and  deliberately  to  carry  into  effect  that  part  of  the  Constitution 
which  respects  the  restoration  of  fugitive  slaves,  and  Congress  provide  no 
remedy,  the  South  would  no  longer  be  bound  to  observe  the  compact .  A 
bargain  broken  on  one  side  is  broken  on  all  sides." 

Indeed,  no  sane  person  ever  raised  any  question  as  to 
the  provision  of  the  Constitution.  It  was  admitted,  but 
was   contemptuously     repudiated   by    Northern    States. 


16 

Hhil  es|)t-'('i;illy  by  rlie  Nrw  England  Sfart's.  while  to 
sliil'r  I'espoiisiliilit y  ;ni<l    f\cirH  tlin  syiii]i;ir]iy  (if  foi'eiiiii 

liMtidlls.  rllt'y  tilled  tl|.'  ;iil'  with  false  dies  ;is  to  the 
■■;i,i:,UJ>'ssi(iiis  of  till,'  slave  powtM'."  altliouuh  the  South 
had  l)een  in  tlie  iiiiiM >ii t y  e^-ei-  sijiee  the  u(>\"ei-in)ieiir  was 
formed.  Tlie  ti'iu'  feeliiiLi-  was  exjii'essed  l)y  William 
riiHeii  Uixajit  ill  the  followiiiu-  seiite]ic<\  contained  in 
his  History  (d'  tin,'  I'lnteil  State's,  pnolisiied  since  the 
war  : 

••  \\\'l>stur  would  lint,  nr  ciiulil  Tidt,  .^et,'  that  the  qtR'stinn  was  not  simph- 
iif  tlie  nwiKTslii])  (it' hUiL-k  niL-n.  Imt  of  the  supix-niacy  nf  an  ill-h<irn,  ill- 
liix-d,  UTUMhicated  ami  brutal  haiidlul  of  slavfholdcrs  <iver  a  people  of  a 
lii,t;"her  strain  of  lilood,  with  eeiitui'ies  of  ^'entle  1  ireedin.t;',  and  a  hi,i^h 
de,i;'ree  of  moral  and  intelleetual  traini".^;'  be'liind  them," 

And  when  the  Sontli  tinally  soULihr  a  se-jiaration 
fi-<im  such  insolent  and  treache](Uis  associate--,  they 
"cried  lia\'oi-  aiul  let  slip  the  dous  of  wai'"'  ii|ion  he]-. 
deiiouiH'inu'  he)'  withdrawal  as  tieason  ajid  a  slave- 
holdei'"s  rehtdiion,  and  Jinally  convert itiu'  it  fr(uu  a  war 
fo]-  tlu'  i»resei\af ion  of  the  I'nioii  into  a  fanatical  ciii 
sade  fo]-  tile  abolition  of  slavei'v.  and  the  aihancement 
(d  the  ne^'ro  to  the  fullesl  privileucs  (»f  Anu'rican  citi- 
zenshii). 

So  inu(di  for  this  topic,  wliicli.  like  that  (d'  secession. 
I  have  me'rely  toiiclied  npon.  and  which  would  reqriire 
for  its  just  and  full  treatnuMit,  a  Inindred  speeclu^-.  The 
South  did  not  ,u'o  to  wai'  foi'  slavery.  As  has  been  said 
a  thousand  times  it  was  the  occhs/oh.  not  the  cause  of 
the  war.  ft  was  an  institution,  li'iiaranteed  ami  tu'o- 
tect(Ml  by  tln^  roiistitntion,  as  exclusively  within  tlie 
control  of  the  States,  and  wlieii  th<^  eijiiality  and  re- 
served rights  of  t!u'  States  were  attacked  by  interfei'- 
ence  with  it,  there  was  just  u'rouml  to  beliexe  tiiat  other 
I'esei'ved   and  uiiaranteed  rii;lits  would    be   assailed,  ami 


17 

tlip  equality  of  tlie  Stat^^s  destroyed.  T1ier(4ore  the 
Southern  jjeoith:"  r(-soi't.-'<l  to  the  only  remedy  whi'-h  had 
ever  been  suirii'ested,  even  l)y  New  England,  and  that 
was  secession. 

They  sought  peace  and  not  a  quarrel — they  asked  that 
there  might  be  no  violence  or  blood-shed,  l)ut  a  separa- 
tion and  an  equitalde  and  honoral^le  adjustment  of  all 
interests.  But  it  was  not  to  be.  Tliey  were  forced  to 
defend  their  liberties  and  their  homes,  and  the  Confed- 
erate S<_)ldier  api)eared — to  attract  the  admiring  gaze  of 
the  world,  and  win  an  immortality  of  fame,  but  alas  I 
only  to  suffer  and  be  strong  in  a  h(q)e]ess  struggle. 

He  needs  no  vindication  from  mortal  lips.  Taught 
from  his  childhood,  as  all  xlmerican  youth  had  been, 
that  in  any  event  and  under  all  circumstances,  his  first 
allegiance  and  whole  duty  was  to  his  State,  her  call  for 
his  services  was  his  all-sufficient  justilicati<in.  as  it  was 
his  proudest  badge  of  citizenship.  He  did  not  hate,  but 
]iad  always  loved  the  Union,  and  would  have  been  ready, 
as  his  fathers  always  were,  to  give  his  fortune  and  his  life 
in  its  defense  against  a  foreign  foe  ;  but  he  loved  his 
State  more,  and  to  her  appeal  his  heart  lea^ied  respon- 
sive and  his  hand  grasped  the  sword. 

Who  shall  frame  in  fitting  words  the  story  of  his 
career'!'  Courage  on  the  battle  field  isthe  common  attri- 
bute of  good  soldiers  everywhere,  and  if  that  constituted 
his  only  claim  to  admiration,  he  would  be  but  an  ordi- 
nary figure  on  the  page  of  history. 

But  it  is  the  moral  aspect  of  liis  career  that  is  sublime. 
It  was  his  magnificent  str^iggie  against  overwhelming- 
odds  for  the  preservation  of  constitutional  liberty,  for 
the  right  of  self-government,  for  all,  indeed,  that  was 
sacred  in  his  heritage  that  has  made  him  a   hero   and  „ 


18 


fii;iit\  1-  for  :ill  \\]\u\  And  rliis  iiinuJiiHcpiit  strng.o:]^  w:is 
iiKidc.  in»i  only  nuaiiist  (»\  erw  litdiiiiiiLi'  forces,  and  iv- 
•^olll•<•os.  and  f(|ni])niHiits.  !)ut  in  ;)  country  l>lockadi'd  at 
every  jioit.  ui'adnally  stri])i)ed  of  tin'  coniiMoiH'st  jueans 
of  snUsislenci".  njiable  to  pay  him  for  his  services,  ami 
iinallv  ifdnci'd  to  ra,us  and  staivation.  Still,  thi'oniih 
(,iit  it  alh  cvrii  to  the  last  nionifni.  hf  stood  iidlt'xil>h'. 
]iatiHnl,  (dict'rl'nU  self-saiTilicini:..  l>ra\  •■  ;iiid  trne.  W'ho' 
(•;iii  withhold  from  <n(di  \ii'tut's  lie'  trilmtt^  of  ]»i'aise. 
.'iiid  honor,  and  r>'--|nM't.  and  who  that  hath  the  smi 
I  dam fa  man  da  r<'  ca  1 1  i  Indi'  nosscssoi'  ;i  traitor  ^ 

.Inst  as  at   tli''  forniation  n\'  fli<'  I'nioii  Xoi'tli   ("ai'idinai 
lifhl  lia(d<  ami  I'ld'ascd  accession  to  ii.    so  ;it    the    foinia 
tioii  of   llif    ( "on  IVdrrac}  .    with    characteristic   conserva- 
tism, she  \\ithlield    Ina-  nssent,  in  the  lio])e  id'  an    annca 
l)le    adjnstment.    nntil    the    jwocla  mat  ion    (d*    tlie    newly 
deeded  sectional  {'resident,  calliimon    hei'  for   troops  to 
war  oil    her    Southern    sisiej-s,     fell    uiioii    hei'   ears,    and 
lii'ed  jna'  sonl.      ( )n  this  same  hi^^toric  day.  :!4  years  a.u'o, 
sh(^  auain  ileclared  hei-  imlepeinh'nce.  nnd  uirded  herself 
fo]-  battle.      The  war  (dond  l)itrst.  ami  for    four  years  its 
pitiless  iieltinu'  Fidi  n])oii  hf-r  jteojile,      Il(t\v  did  they  ac 
(]nit  themse|\fs  in    the  coidlict  '.      Did  they    ]»]'()ve  them 
selves  \\drihy  (d*  their  l\e\<iliit  iojciry  sires  ^      For  airswer 
1  turn,  not  to  the  testimony  of  any  commandini:'  (tfficer, 
livinii'    oi'    dead,    i'^'deral    or   ( 'onfederate. — not    even    tn 
that  ntterance  of  the  stainless  Lee.  in  the  last  agonies  of 
Ajipomattox  :  *"(iod  l)less  old  ^'orth  Caiidina.*"      I  point 
to  the  inscrii>tion  on    that    stone,    "First  at  3^-^   Bethel, 
last  at  ikTHAiiNdl^."   CO(^U'^t^<^^ky^^i^^ 

I  appeal  to  the  recoms.  written  alike  by  friend  and 
foe.  T  tender  her  poll-list  of  voters  of  1861— 118, (»()<). 
and  the  total  of  her  Confederate  rank   and  tile — 125, Odo. 


19 

I  point  to  tlie  fact  tliat  sli^^  contributed  nearly  one-tifth 
of  the  tsoldiei.s  dt'  tlie  (-onfederate  army — tliat  slie  lost 
one-fourtli  of  those  killed  in  ])attle — fliat  sin-  lost  UKtrn 
than  one-fourth  of  those  who  died  of  wounds — tliai 
she  lost  one-third  of  those  who  died  of  disease. 

I  cite  the  appalling  and  unprecedented  fact  that  at 
Uettysburii',  her  ever-memorable  Twenty-Sixth  Regiment 
lost  90  per  cent,  of  the  mt-n  carried  into  action. 

I  put  in  evidence  the  fa<'t  that,  on  several  l)attle  fields 
of  Virginia,  she  left  more  <lead  and  wounded  than  all 
the  Southern  States  coiid)ined. 

I  remind  you  that  lici-  Thirt3^-Secon<l  Kegimenr 
floated  the  standard  of  the  Confederate  States  at  tlic 
farthest  ]ioint  North  whi<'h  it  ever  reached. 

I  proudly  show  that  one  of  her  sons,  conmianding  a 
Confederate  shi]),  was  the  only  man  who  carried  the 
Confederate  flag  around  the  world. 

And,  finally,  I  show  that  when  the  end  came,  and  her 
banners  were  furled,  V)oth  at  Appomattox  and  at  (Ireeus- 
V)oro,  she  stacked  twice  as  many  rifles  as  anj*  othei 
State  of  the  Confederacy. 

This  is  the  answer,  the  glorious  answer,  which  North 
Carolina  makes  to  those  who  ask  where  she  was  and 
what  she  did  during  the  war  between  the  States.  To 
every  call  of  duty — whether  to  stain  with  )>leeding  feet 
tlie  rough  line  of  march,  or  to  labor  in  the  trenches,  or 
to  lead  the  way  into  the  flaming  hell  of  battle,  or  to 
cover  a  retreat — her  steady  answer  always  was  "Adsum." 

Shall  I  recite  the  times,  and  the  [)laces,  and  the 
deeds?  Ask  me  to  condtJise  j^ears  into^^an  hour,  a 
volume  into  a  word,  a  prolonged  and  thi'illing  tragedy 
into  a  brief  sigh. 

Go,  listen  to  the  Atlantic  breeze  that  sings  in  the  pint 


•JO 


f(>it'j>rs  fidiii  tli«'  \'ir,iiini;i  }i<'iiiiisi(];i  t<>  tlin  ca}»fs  cf 
l''l(iri(l;i  :  un.  sit  hpsidr  rlir  untrr.v  of  any  nf  tlif  ui't-nf 
rivfts  of  t  lif  S(.iit  li.  ;iml  In'ar  llifii  \  ui(N'>  as.  nisliiim 
i  liioiiuli  rocky  ]>as>>i's,  oi-  ulidiuii-  uramlly  r(i)diiL:li 
lowland  St  ificlit's.  rliey  seek  tlic  sea  ;   ,u».  stand  U}»i  »ii  rlie 

heiiillfs  of  Cellietel  _\  Ikid^'e,  ofSollMl  MitUlltaill.  ol  file 
t 'I  lie  hi  I  Is    U  llicll    o\  e|-|ool<    r  lie   valley    of  t  ll  e  Shelia  lid  o;i  || . 

or  I  lie  steeji  asc'eiiT  (d'    Lookout  —  aiid    to   liiiii    tliar    liarh 
eafs  to  hear,   from  lirt^e'ze  and   stieani.  aye.  and  fioni  tie 
\  eiy  ro(d<.-  will  conie    a    tril'iite   id'   prai-e    and    liouoi-    to 
riie  Old  North  Stale. 

She  boasts  iiol  :  she  never  did  of  any  <  f  h^!'  a(diieve- 
liiellts.  So  far  Irniii  it.  she  has  lievel  preserved  the  ?iie- 
niolials  of  tliein,  which  of  her  l>eo]tle  ate  careful  t<»  keep 
of  llieir  ow  n.  hut  has  l>e(ui  content  to  snlwritute  fo]  then! 
a  sacred  shrine  in  her  o\\  n  hetirt.  to  w  hich.  w  heii  unkind, 
]ieii;hl)or'<  sneer.  (»r  degenerate  sous  disliotior  hei'.  she 
turns  with  uiafitmh"  and  honest  ]iride.  May  (lod  for 
ever  bless   and  ]U('ser\"e  lier  ! 

I  invoke,  too.  His  choicest  lilessiiu^s  upon  you.  ()li. 
wiunen  of  North  Carcdina  I  win*  lia\e  jnti'sued  with  un- 
nau\i;inu-  zeal  and  dtnotion  the  nolde  dcsiu-n  \vhi(  h  i>  tlii-- 
day  nccoiiiplished,  and  upo]]  whiidi  you  may  n'ow  look 
witli  su]ireinest  satisfa<'ti(ni.  Vou  havi-  not  erected  this 
lljonuniellt  exclusively  to  the  (  ^  ill  fi^deia  te  l>i.'ad  of  our 
own  State.  iKU'  do  \\<'  confine  our  lo\  iu,u  frihutes  to  them 
alone. 

W'e  eiiduace  in  the  w  i(h'  sweep   <i{'  our  affectionate  re 
inendu'aiK'e  all    wlio  laid    down    tlndr  li\'es  in   defence  of 
the  riulits  and  liberties  of   the   Southern  States  and  j^eo- 
]>le. 

From  the  cold  blue  lakes  upon  the  Canadian  border  to 
where  the  warm  waves  lap  softly  upon  the  yellow  sand;:? 


21 

of  the  (riilf.  on  a  rli(»usaii(l  hill-sides  and  in  a  thousand 
vallnys  they  sleep — some  l)eneath  inonuments  like  tliis. 
some  in  i)rivate  cemeteries,  thonsaiids.  alas  I  innnknown 
graves.  We  love  and  honor  the  memory  of  all  alike. 
Tliey  deserve  sindi  tribnte  if  mortal  men  ever  did.  and 
never  was  it  paid  more  sincerely  than  now  and  here. 

Stand  then,  bronze  image  of  liini  who  wore  the  gray  ! 
Tlion  canst  not  meet  with  calmer  mien  than  did  he  tlie 
sunshine  and  the  storm.  Xot  more  enduring  is  thy  granite 
base  than  the  love  on  which  he  rests.  Thou  art  a  tri- 
umph of  Ai't  ;  he  was  God's  gift  to  his  country.  Thou 
shalt  perish,  but  he  shall  live  forever  in  the  hearts  of 
his  people. 


..,^^^3®S^^^£ 


